Dialectical Behavior Therapy, or DBT, is a type of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). It was originally used for individuals with borderline personality disorder, but is now used for treating depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and eating disorders.
DBT teaches skills to cope with overwhelming emotions, improve relationships, regulate emotions, and develop mindfulness. Dialectical means combining opposite ideas. DBT acknowledges the reality of individuals’ circumstances and behaviors while guiding them towards change, particularly in addressing maladaptive behaviors.
When is DBT used?
DBT is used best for individuals who have difficulty managing their emotions. It is typically used in the following situations:
- Borderline Personality Disorder
- Mood Disorders
- Anxiety Disorders
- Eating Disorders
- Substance Use Disorders
- Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- Self-Harm and Suicidal Behavior (for emergencies, dial 988)
What does a DBT session look like?
There are various ways a DBT session could look like since it can be done individually or in a group setting. It is common to participate in a DBT group in addition to individual therapy.
Throughout both types of sessions, the therapist maintains a dialectical approach, balancing acceptance and validation with encouragement for growth. They also emphasize the importance of nonjudgmental observation of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, as well as the development of coping strategies for managing distressing situations.
Individual DBT Sessions
In an individual DBT session, the therapist and client work collaboratively to set goals and prioritize targets for change. The client may discuss specific issues they are facing since the last session. The therapist helps the client apply skills learned in group sessions to real-life situations.
The therapist provides validation and support while also encouraging change. They may assign homework to practice new skills and prepare for group sessions.
Group DBT Sessions
Group sessions are led by a trained therapist who teaches specific skills from the four module: mindfulness, interpersonal effectiveness, emotion regulation, and distress tolerance. Sessions often begin with a mindfulness exercise to help participants ground themselves in the present.
The therapist teaches new skills and gives real-life examples. Participants engage in interactive exercises and discussions to practice the skills and share their experiences. There is homework to reinforce learning and encourage the application of skills outside of a group setting. Participants may discuss challenges they faced in applying skills and receive feedback and support.
How do I find a DBT therapist?
Visit our new client form to request a provider who specializes in DBT.
